Nominal Area Choropleth Map

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These kinds of maps display data nominal data with color. The color is not shaded in proportion with frequency of data like in a regular choropleth map, because it cannot be since this is nominal data. This one shows the results of the 2008 Presidential election.

Bilateral Graph

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A bilateral graph dispays two sets of data from two related variables on the same graph for comparison. Sometimes, it shows one data set increasing, while the other decreases. This one demonstrates the demographic transition, a phenomenon in which a country transitions from high birht and death rates to low birth and death rates.

Lorenz Curve

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A Lorenz curve most often shows income distribution and income inequality. It shows the proportion of distribution assumed by the bottom y% of values.

Index Value Plot

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An index value plot shows the relativity of values in a data set to an indexed value. It aims to show variation from what should be normal.

Scatter Plot

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A scatter plot is a series of dots, each connecting two values: the dependent and independent variable. These are good for showing the kind of correlation of a data set. The best fit lines averages the data points and gives us an idea of the correlation. This graph shows a positive correlation.

Population Profile

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Population profile, also called population pyramids, display number of people in age groups of a population. Males are on the left, females are on the right, and each bar represents a different age group. This one shows the impact of AIDS in Botswana in the year 2020. Demographers often make these graphs from future predictions of population.

Climograph

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A climograph graphically displays monthly precipitation and temerature. Precipitation is shown with a bar graph and temperature is shown with a line graph.

Wind Rose

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A wind rose graphically displays distribution of wind speed and direction. They show frequency of wind in a particular direction.  

Triangular Plot

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A triangular plot displays 3 variables and their ratios as positions in a triangle. The three variables, a, b, and c must add up to equal a constant K.

Parallel Coordinate Graph

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A parallel coordinate graph contains many sets of data, and connects the dependent variable with a series of values through lines. Each line is connected to points that each represent a different variable.

Histogram

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Histograms show a summary of a data set by using bars to show frequency. Unlike a bar graph, data in a histogram are grouped by range of scores (not by category), and thus the bars are stuck together unless there is a gap in the data. Histograms show frequency and distribution.

Box Plot

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Box plots display data by emphasizing the 5 number summary: the minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile and the maximum. They are good for showing variation and identifying outliers.

Stem and Leaf Plot

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A stem and leaf plot is a way of showing a group of scores and frequency. The stem always has a  larger place value than the leaf. This is a convenient way to display data and frequency.

Similarity Matrix

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A similarity matrix shows similarity between two data points.  

Correlation Matrix

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A correlation matrix is a statistcal chart that shows correlations between two variables. This one is a correlation matrix of phage T7 proteins.  

Star Plot

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A star plot is a way to display statistical data from multiple variables. These variables are represented on axes starting from the same point.

DOQQ

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Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quads are aerial photos produced by the USGS. This one is a color infrared photo of North Carolina taken in 1998.  

DEM

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A Digital Elevation Model is a digital representation of the terrain. This one is of the Hellas region of Mars.

DLG

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Digital Line Graphs contain vector representations of an area. They are developed by the USGS. This map contains a grid over a hypsometric map showing elevation data.

DRG

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The US Geological Survey makes topographic maps of the entire US, and the distribute them in the form of Digital Raster Graphics. Here we can see contour lines showing elevation.

Isopach Map

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Isopachs are isolines that connect lines of equal rock thickness.

Isohyets

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Isohyets are isolines that connect equal points of precifipation. This is a thematic classed choropleth map that uses isohyets. 

Isotachs

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Isotachs are lines that connect points of equal wind speed. They are a type of isolines.

LIDAR image: Manhattan

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LIDAR uses electromagnetic radiation, sometimes lazers, to remotely sense an area. This image shows the heat these buildings generate.

Doppler Radar: Hurricane Charlie

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Doppler radar images are used to see what the weather is like. They show severity of clouds/precipitation by color.  This is done when the radar produces a microwave signal, which bounces off of particles in the atmosphere. By measuring the return wavelengths, the radar can predict size and density of particles, and the wind speed and direction, and thus what the weather is like.

Black and White Aerial Photo

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This is a black and white aerilal photo. These are good for showing contrast between land and water.

Infrared Aerial Photo

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Infrared aerial photos are good for capturing vegetation and the effect humans have had on earth's surface. This is a photo of water hyacinths in East Africa.

Cartographic Animation: 2004 Tsunami

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Cartographic animation uses animation to display change in a map. This map uses animation to display changes in tsunami waves after an earthquake.

Statistical Map

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A statistical map show distances between objects, but not physical distance.  For example, a statistical map would map the closeness of ideas. This one is a map of Facebook users.

Cartogram:World Military Spending

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A cartogram is a map in which another variable is used in place of land area or distance. Land area and distance is distorted to emphasize this other variable. In this cartogram, the areas of countries is in proportion to their military spending. About half of military spending in the world is from the United States.

Flow Map: African Diaspora

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A flow map, like this one, shows the flow of people or things from one place to another. This map shows the African disaspora.

Isobars

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An isoline map uses isolines to connect points of the same value. In this case, the value is barometric pressure. Barometric pressure lines are called isobars.

Range Graded Proportional Circle Map

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This is a proportional circle map, one in which the size of the circle is proportionate to the data being conveyed. The circles are range graded, meaning only a set number of sizes of circles are used. This map is of internet use in Europe.

Choropleth Map: Leon County Crime

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A choropleth map is an areal thematic map in which variation of data is shown by using different shades of a color. In this map, the shading is in proportion to the measurement of the variable. This map uses different shades of blue to show variation of crime rates in Leon County neighborhoods. It uses a crime index from 1 (light blue) to 100 (dark blue), 100 being the safest. (This choropleth maps is also classed and univariate.)

Dot Distribution Map: US Population

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This is a dot distribution map. It shows the population distribution of the US. One dot represents a certain number of people. These kinds of maps are good for showing population distribution and density.

Propaganda Map: Mexico

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A propaganda map is used to influence people's opinions. This map is an advertisement for Absolut Vodka, in which much of the current United States belongs to Mexico. The message is basically that in a perfect world, Mexico would own the southwest US like it once did. This ad ran in Mexico.

Hypsometric Map: Southeast Asia

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This is a hypsometric map of India. In a hypometric map, color is used to show changes in elevation instead of contour lines. You can easily see where the Tibetan plateau is on this map.

PLSS Map: Minnesota

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This is a PLSS map of a part of Minnesota. the Public Land Survey System is a way of dividing up US public lands into sections. They are divided into townships, and then into 1 square mile sections. They are often used for dividing up land for ownership.

Cadastral Map

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This is a cadastral map, a map that shows boundaries and ownership of property.  

Thematic map: Methane emissions from rice

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This is a thematic map, a map that has a certain theme, or shows a type of data. This map shows methane emissions from rice by country.

Topographic Contour Map: Grand Canyon

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This is a topographic map of Grand Canyon National Park. Topographic maps show vertical and horizontal distance. The contour  lines connect points of equal elevation, thus showing that parts of the canyon have different elevations.

Planimetric Map: China to Japan

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This is just a simple planimetric map showing how to get from China to Japan, along with written directions. Planimetric maps only indicate the horizontal positions of features, as opposed to topographic maps, which indicate vertical positions as well.